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Fri
Nov 07 2008

NCAP should learn the best cure is prevention

Andrew Frankel

I see EuroNCAP is indulging in a spot more pointless tinkering with its star ratings while, as ever, ignoring the elephant in the room.

2007_crash_test All an NCAP test does is measure how a car performs during a certain sort of crash: it takes no account of a car’s ability not to have that crash in the first place.

In other words it measures a car’s secondary, not primary safety. Those who believe prevention is better than cure will remain as baffled by this as me.

Bodies like EuroNCAP must also be held at least partly responsible for the huge rise in car kerb weights in recent years and all the attendant performance, braking, handling, economy and emissions issues that have come with them.

A good EuroNCAP rating is doubtless a fine guide to how a safe a car is in a very specific kind of accident, but it’s just as good at providing marketing departments with sales tools. Safety – or perceived safety – sells, so manufacturers have made their cars heavier so they crash better in EuroNCAP tests and therefore sell better.

Which is fine so far as it goes until you consider that every extra kilogram added is one more kilogram for the car to slow down, or swerve out of danger’s way. And because there is no measure of the effect this weight has on primary or active safety, we have no idea whether, net, the cars are actually safer or not.

When I’ve asked about this, the stock response is that primary safety data is difficult to generate reliably, but I can’t see why EuroNCAP can’t publish something as fundamental and basic as, say, braking distances from 60mph to rest in the dry on a known surface.

If one car took the length of a double decker bus more to stop than a rival, it could have all the airbags in the world and I’d not want to buy it.

 

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About Andrew Frankel

Talents are limited to "driving cars and writing English." In 19th century France he would, therefore, have been stuffed; as it is, Andrew's the perfect Autocar road test writer.

Comments

julianphillips November 7, 2008 11:34 AM

Good point.  Maybe Autocar should do some tests?

REALZEUS November 7, 2008 11:51 AM

Well said!!! This addition of weight and proliferation of airbags is getting ridiculous. Fortunately, some manufacturers (Mazda for example) are reversing that trend nowadays.

jerry99 November 7, 2008 11:56 AM

At one time some manufacturers in Sweden and Germany used to investigate their cars when involved in accidents within a certain radius of their factories.

They said that the leraned a lot from this and incoporated it into their future models.

These days the police close a road for a fatal accident and do a thorough invetigation whivh could provide valauble data for the manufacturers and the legislators.

On the braking distance side is it not the case that most modern cars have a front bias in their brake balance which increases stopping distance in serach of stability when brakes are applied mid bend?

At one time this balance was adjustable underneath the car but is now frequently fixed as part of the design process. Even with ABS and ESP many manufactures still do not allow enough brake pressure to the rear.

macaroni November 7, 2008 1:19 PM

Great article! I've been banging on about this for years. Ever since Volvo got on their safety high horse in fact.

Yours is truly the voice of reason in an increasingly unreasonable world.

TegTypeR November 7, 2008 5:49 PM

I get the feeling the EuroNCAP board work on the following premis...

All drivers are stupid and passive safety features (such as good handling response and reduced braking distances) are immaterial because the average driver will not use them.  

As you say they are solely fixated on the crash structure of a vehicle regardless of the effects on other parts of its safety performance.

230SL November 8, 2008 3:45 AM

Which? did a slalom test, which was basically driving a car at some cones, faster everytime until they lose control, not sure how scientific this is, but an Aygo came up very high in the rankings, think a 3 series may have been top, and there was a mid engined Porsche below the Aygo I think, so maybe weight does have a factor.

Phinehas November 8, 2008 11:53 AM

Whatever happened to the moose test? Didn't that kill the A series Merc at first?

I drive an old ZX on a daily commute of 100km in Spain where it is still not considered morally repugnant to overtake other vehicles. It has no ABS, no airbags. In fact the only safety feature is the nut on the steering wheel. Having moved from a new C3 with all the features you can imagine, I was at first wary of going back to the ZX (I weekly see cars wrecked by the side of the road).

In fact, the ZX with its rear-wheel flex holds the road way, way better than the C3 and is far better at getting me out of dodgy situations such as cresting the brow of a hill to find a van coming at you on the wrong side of the road.

More emphasis should be put on primary safety than is, both by the official bodies that test these things, and the motoring press.

Bring Back the Moose!

jammy_rex November 8, 2008 1:21 PM

Yes, very good article.  Plus these NCAP tests don't take into account a small car like a Fiat 500 coming up against a big 4x4 SUV behemoth - even though they may get the same number of stars, the SUV would still pretty much obliterate the small car.

Bring on the all important primary safety tests! The point raised on braking distances is SUCH an important one!

gregor60 November 8, 2008 7:05 PM

Excellent article. I work in education support and have helpeddevelop an activity on crash-testing (Google "Pimp my Trolley and "Roaad Safety") I'd like to use this article to provoke debate amongst the kids. If Andrew Frankel reads this, may I use it?

Reliability is another thing. I don't care how many stars certain European cars get - being broken down at the side of the motorway is not my idea of a safe place to be.

MrMSP November 8, 2008 8:49 PM

NCAP testing has been responsible for the introduction of a secondary A-piller on almost all new cars which reduces visbilty significantly at junctions, making accidents more lightly.

MrMSP November 8, 2008 8:53 PM

Sorry that should be making accidents more likely. Hope my eagerness to post does not take away from my point.

RobotBoogie November 10, 2008 2:04 PM

I think there are some serious points in the article but it's worth looking at what NCAP has achieved. Between 1994-2007, the number of people killed or seriously injured on UK roads fell by 36 per cent despite traffic rising by 16 per cent. Those are not bad figures by anyone's standards and a huge chunk of the improvement is down to better safety standards in vehicles.

Secondly, cars have been getting bigger and heavier for a long time but vehicle obesity is not just a consequence of safety. For a start people have been both sprouting and ballooning, which is an important element in the equation. Also, equipment levels have spiralled in the last 15 years. An air conditioning system weighs more than a whole lot of airbags.

Thirdly, does anyone agree that any kind of primary testing like this would hit 4x4s particularly hard? They would come bottom of the heap in any braking or handling test. Strange as many buyers seem to like the feeling of security they supposedly provide.

Lastly, there is all kinds of stuff in the thread above which makes you scratch your head quizically. What exactly is the guy in the ZX doing overtaking on the brow of a hill? The chap who has trouble with big A pillars should try leaning forward a little. And so on.

phenergn November 10, 2008 3:49 PM

"All an NCAP test does is measure how a car performs during a certain sort of crash: it takes no account of a car’s ability not to have that crash in the first place."

Correct me if I'm wrong, but don't the latest changes insist on ESP being standard across the majority of the range in order to get 5 stars? Surely that is reducing the likelyhood of a crash and this primary safety?

mrspock November 11, 2008 9:37 AM

Yes the NCAP test measures how well a car crashes

and your point is??

I for one am glad I can choose to drive my children around in a car that does well in a crash.

If youve got a car coming towards you on the wrong side of the road at night no amount of fancy jiggery pokery is gonna make up for the lack of experience/drug induced stupor/alcoholic idiot i trying out his rear wheel drive car after reading Autocar on how to drift. that car is gonna hit you whatever you do and the only thing you can do is shut your eyes and hope that your car is gonna absorb the impact. Believe me Ive been in that situation and even Louis Hamilton wouldnt be able to avoid it.

I think this is all about 'oh Ive been trying to drive as fast as I can , sideways on 2 wheels just like in the mags and if i get it wrong I have the experience to get out of it ' what absolute rubbish!!!!!!

Most people put their foot on the brake and hope for the best and hope that their car will protect them!!!

I remember a few years ago motoring journalists were hoping for the day when Safety Sold.Now it does its wrong . Should we go back to cars like the Citroen AX??

NO Thanks

jerry99 November 12, 2008 4:12 PM

Last time I met a car on my side of the road it was a Volvo estate turbo. He put his foot more firmly on the accelerator and I put mine on the brakes and we just missed!

In this particular case I am convinced that the Volvo driver had been seduced into continuing to overtake recklessly by the perceived extra safety of his car.

Conversely I have seen a few Citroen ZX drivers (in Spain and elsewhere) driving fast and overtaking frequently but not taking big risks.

My experience with working on my own cars in my younger days has convinced me that an older lighter car with good all round disc brakes and good tyres  stopped just as quickly as a modern heavier car with ABS and average to good tyres. For this reason I am very reluctant to drive any quicker than I used to.

However I know others who started out with less competent cars who now believe their modern premium cars are idiot proof.

IThis also needs to be factored into the whole NCAP safety sells cars approach. If drivers believe their cars protect them better quite a few will compensate for this by driving them less carefully.  

Phinehas November 12, 2008 5:57 PM

"Lastly, there is all kinds of stuff in the thread above which makes you scratch your head quizically. What exactly is the guy in the ZX doing overtaking on the brow of a hill?"

I don't know what he was doing, but he didn't post here. I don't mind being challenged, as others have done, but not by someone who misreads the post.

In a crash, yes, I want a better car, no doubt, and I'm well aware that my current nail offers a lot less protection than the previous one. But how often do I crash compared to avoid one? What's the best balance between active and passive safety? Are they mutually exclusive? I don't know the answers, but it instinctively feels like I avoid crashes more often than I have one -and I rather think my driving is adjusted accordingly. For this reason, I think the article was worthwhile.

It's a bit like saying you pay Johnny airline pilot hundreds of thousands of Pounds a minute - only you don't know which one.

Others have properly raised the issue of declining driving standards perhaps due to an impression created by increasing safety standards in cars. It's a huge area for research/discussion.

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